A year later, a revised version, The Pictorial Key to the Tarot, was issued that featured black-and-white plates of all seventy-eight of Smith's illustrations.
The first version of this guide was published during 1909 and was titled The Key to the Tarot. Waite providing an overview of the traditions and history of the cards, texts about interpretations, and extensive descriptions of their symbols. Rider continued publishing the deck in various editions until 1939, then again from 1971 to 1977.Īll of the Rider editions up to 1939 were available with a small guide written by A. This edition, often referred to as the "A" deck, was published from 1910 to 1920. A much larger printing was done during March of 1910, featuring better quality card stock and a "cracked mud" card back design. The first printing was extremely limited and featured card backs with a roses and lilies pattern. The cards were first published during December 1909, by the publisher William Rider & Son of London. The original roses and lilies card back design from 1909 He also based the Lovers card on Italian tarot decks, which have two persons and an angel, to reinforce its correspondence with Gemini. He switched the order of the Strength and Justice cards so that Strength corresponded with Leo and Justice corresponded with Libra. In order to accommodate the astrological correspondences taught by the Golden Dawn, Waite introduced several innovations to the deck. The symbols and imagery used in the deck were influenced by the 19th-century magician and occultist Eliphas Levi, as well as by the teachings of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The Minor Arcana are illustrated with allegorical scenes by Smith, where earlier decks (with a few rare exceptions) had simple designs for the Minor Arcana. For example, the "Papess" became the "High Priestess" and no longer features a Papal tiara, while the "Lovers" card, previously depicting a medieval scene of a clothed man and woman receiving a blessing from a noble or cleric was changed to a depiction of the naked Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, and the ace of cups featuring a dove carrying Sacramental bread. Christian imagery was removed from some cards, and added to others. Some imagery remains similar to that found in earlier decks, but overall the Waite–Smith card designs are substantially different from their predecessors. While the images are simple, the details and backgrounds feature abundant symbolism. It is estimated that more than 100 million copies of the deck exist in more than 20 countries. The deck has been published in numerous editions and inspired a wide array of variants and imitations. Waite and illustrated by Pamela Colman Smith, both members of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, the cards were originally published by the Rider Company in 1909. Based on the instructions of academic and mystic A. It is also known as the Waite–Smith, Rider–Waite–Smith, or Rider Tarot. The Rider–Waite Tarot is a widely popular deck for tarot card reading.
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